Colonial Valley Zapotec to English Vocabulary
This Vocabulary contains 804 words and morphemes commonly found in the documents and some of their variant spellings. There are two main parts: the main dictionary (Zapotec to English) and the English-to-Zapotec Reverse Index, which can be used to look up a word in the main section.
If you know what the word might mean, but do not know what the Zapotec word might look like, the index will likely be the most useful place for you to look. Be sure to try looking under synonyms, as well.
If you are trying to figure out what an unidentified Zapotec word might mean, recall that spelling can be quite variable. Here are some tips for finding a Zapotec word in the dictionary:
- Disregard any accent marks. For example, if you are looking for <quéche> try by looking under <queche>.
- If you don’t find the word spelled exactly as you found it in the text, trying changing the spelling in ways listed below. For example, if you are looking for <aanna> and do not find it there, try looking under <ana>.
change to double consonants single consonants double vowels single vowels <ij> <i> - Disregard any <h> between two identical vowels. For example, if you are looking for <anachihi> and find nothing there, try looking under <anachi>.
- Keep in mind that the following letter (sequences) may be used interchangeably. If you expect your word to have one of these letters, try replacing it with the one (or ones) in bold, e.g. if you are looking for <veni> you might also look under <peni> and <beni>.
- p, b, u, v
- t, d
- g, gu, c, q, qu
- s, z, x, c, ç
- u, o
- e, i
There are two types of entries. Main entries, like anachi and beni below, and cross references for spelling variants, like anachihi below. Cross-references always contain the headword and the cross reference to the main entry. Main entries minimally contain the headword and the definition. They may optionally contain other elements, such as notes on the composition of the word, a list of spelling variants, and sub-entries of words related to that headword. Below, three entries are broken down and their component parts are numbered. A key to these numbered parts follows directly below the sample entries.
| 1 | headword | Each definition starts with a headword. |
| 2 | definition | The headword is followed by a definition. If there are multiple senses to a word, they are numbered. |
| 3 | notes on morphological composition | The component parts of a word may be noted. For example anachi is made up of ana ‘now’ and chi ‘day’. |
| 4 | spelling variants | Some possible spelling variants are listed. |
| 5 | cross-reference from a spelling variant | Some spelling variants (sp. var.) are listed in the vocabulary with a cross reference to the main headword. |
| 6 | sub-entry | Some subentries are listed under headwords. These can also be found as headwords with more information. |
| 7 | example | Some entries have examples. The examples are introduced with a reference to the text from which they come, followed by the Zapotec examples in italics and the English translation in quotes. |
| 8 | cross-reference | Some entries contain cross-references to other entries. |
| 9 | modern cognate with audio | Some entries contain cognates with audio. Click on the blue play button to hear a native speaker pronounce the cognate in that modern Valley Zapotec variety. Click on the black arrow to jump to that entry in the corresponding Talking Dictionary. |
The modern cognates with audio come from four Talking Dictionaries of modern Valley Zapotec languages. These dictionaries are collaborations with native speakers and were made possible by Living Tongues Institute for Endangered Languages, K. David Harrison, and Jeremy Fahringer. We owe special thanks to Fahringer for enabling the mechanism whereby Ticha can interact with the Talking Dictionaries. The language varieties are listed below with links to the Talking Dictionaries and the names of the contributing speakers.
San Jerónimo Tlacochahuaya Zapotec
http://www.talkingdictionary.org/tlacochahuaya
Speakers: Moisés García Guzmán, Angélica Guzmán Martínez, Antonio García Cruz, María Mercedes Méndez Morales.
San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec
http://www.talkingdictionary.org/sanlucasquiavini
Speakers: Felipe H. Lopez and Victoria Lopez.
Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec
http://www.talkingdictionary.org/teotitlan
Speakers: Camillo Alavéz Alavéz, Gario Angeles, Manuel Bazan Chávez, Froilán Carreño Gutiérrez, Natalia Carreño Hernandez, Janet Chávez Santiago, Federico Chávez Sosa, Elena García Jimenez, Noel Alejandro García Juárez, Silvia González Ruiz, Ambrocio Gutiérrez, Bibiana Gutiérrez, Zenón Pablo Gutiérrez, Erasto Gutiérrez López, Celso Gutiérrez Montaño, Jorge David Hernández Sosa, Edison Hipólito de los Ángeles, Camelia Lazo Chávez, Teresa Martínez Chavez, Adrián Martínez Mendoza, Leonardo Martínez Sosa, Miguel Ángel Mendoza Bautista, Rocío Mendoza Bazán, Manuel de Jesús Mendoza Chávez, Teresa Manuela Mendoza Ruíz, Miros Laba, Cristina Ruiz, Rosa Ruiz González, Francisco Ruiz Gutiérrez, Mariano Sosa Martinez.
Tlacolula de Matamoros Zapotec
http://www.talkingdictionary.org/tlacolula
Speakers: Roberto Antonio Ruiz, and Josefina Antonio Ruiz.
Lillehaugen, Brook Danielle, George Aaron Broadwell, Michel R. Oudijk, Laurie Allen, May Helena Plumb, and Mike Zarafonetis. 2017. "Colonial Valley Zapotec to English Vocabulary." Ticha: a digital text explorer for Colonial Zapotec, first edition. Online: https://ticha.haverford.edu/en/vocabulary
A
alariitem (used to mark items in a last)alaariAlaarialaariialaarijAlaarijalǎatijAlarialarijAlarijAllarialaniitemalariniitem
alarini1item (used to mark items in a list)2Here!AlaariiniialaarijnialaarinialaatijnialáatijnialaatinialäatiniAlariniAlarinijalatinialaxijnialaxiniAlaxiniAllaariniiAllarinilatinialaniitemalariitemalar-item
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: na
anachitodayana1nowchi3dayaanaachijanaachijAnaachijAnachianachihiañachiianachijañachijanchiannaachijannachiannachijannachyyanachiyannachijyánnáchijanac-toda
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: nadxi
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: an dxi
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: nazhi
B
becogo1altar2seat; thronebecògobecogoobecoogobeecogoobeecoogopecegopecocopecogopegocovecogoVecogobeco-alta
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: bku
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: bcu
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: baku
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: zhily
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: xhi’ily
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: zhily
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: zhily
bejuanalordbBbehuanabejànanabejoanabejoánabejoànabejoãnaBejoãnabejoañanabejoannaBejoannabejoñanabejuaBejuanaBeJuanabejuanaaBeJuanaabejuannaBejuannabejuannnaBesuanabexoanaBexoanabexoannabexonabexuanaBexuanaBexuhuanobezhuanabezuanaBjoãnabnapejuanabeju-lord
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: bexhuan
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: bel
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: bal
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: bel
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: bel
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: bel
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: bel
bene2mudFeria 5r 2.3oalica cani yoo cuyaa beniati, chela yagalati yoo nazaca, cani penna yoo cuyaanitruly people were formed from the earth, and not from good earth, but they were formed from mudyoo pènnebennepéñepennapennepénnePénnePènne2bene-mud
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: banny
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: bahny
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: bany
benequichasp. var. ofbeniquichasick person
beni1personbeenibenbene1beneeBenibenîbeñibènibenijbenjbenniBennibenníbennìbennîbini2penepenipénipěnipénjpinipínipinniVenijbeni-persbenexiinichildbeni tahomerchantbeni zaZapotec personbeniatipeoplebenigola1old personbenigonawomanbenigotidead personbeniniguiomanbeniquichasick personpène-gònnàwifePéni cobáanaPeni cogóbaPéni còolipàanaPeni hualàchePèni hue+chijllaPèni hue-còo lápa-quíque-niPeni làya lècePeni naquéetichaPeni na-quèe-tichaPèni naquèe-ticha-zàbi, tichaleànaPeni te+chibàa-làchiPèni tòti-pèllapeni-làchi-xènipenitixenitizochilachi peni gonalost loves in love or lost
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: bëny
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: benny
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: bëny
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: buny
beniatibeni1personbeneatiben̄ēatibeñeyatibeniaatibeniatijbeniatobenniaatibenniaatíbenníaatibenniatibenniatijpeniátipenijatibeni-peopguela beniatihumanity, humanness
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: binit
beni cijpoor person; needy personpèni na+zijpoor personbeni1personzij1affliction poorbenni zijpeni zij
Benigichiasp. var. ofBenigichijbeniquichasick person
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: bën gul
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: bangual
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: ben gull
benigona1woman2wifelechela 1beni1persongona2woman, femalebeni1persongona2woman, femalebenigonàbenigonâbenigònabennigonaabennigonnaapènegònnàbeni-womaxiquijcha penigonàshirt of women
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: beny gunà’
benigueche1servant2vassal
beniguichasp. var. ofbeniquichasick person
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: beny ngiu
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: nayu
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: buny nguiu
beniniquiosp. var. ofbeniniguioman
beniquichasick personbeni1personquicha1sickbenequichaben̄ēquichaBenigichiaBenigichijbeniguichabenijquijchabenniquichabeni-sick
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: Bën Za
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: Bën Za
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: buny Dizhza
bennigonaasp. var. ofbenigonawoman
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: nabiz
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: mbiaz
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: biz
bichichi1treasure2moneybichijchibichijchijBychichipichchipichichibich-treabichichi nagachigoldbichichi nagaosilver
biganaservant
bijxoce capautioosp. var. ofbixoce copabitaopriest
bijxoce Copavijtoosp. var. ofbixoce copabitaopriest
bitao1God (great spirit)2great life force, great spiritbiiwindbidaobiitobiitoobijtaoobijtooBijtoobitobitooBitoobittobittoopitao2pitopitòo2vitonixipitàoadore as to godquelabitoodivinity
bixocefatherbesosebiixoozebijxoceebijxoozeeBijxoseBixocebixoçebixoçeebixooceBixoocebixoozeBixoozebixoozeebixoseBixosebixozeBixozebixozeebyxoocepiixocepiixozeepisosepixocepixoçePixózevixoceVixocevixoçevixozetatafatherbixo-fathbixoce copabitaopriestbixozecolagrandfatherPixòcecoquì còpapitòoabbot prelate of monksPixózetonófather and mother all ancestorsvixozegoxanabirth father
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: bixus
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: bxoz
bixoce copabitaopriestbixocefathercopapitaopriest, confessorbesose copabitoobijxoce capautioobijxoce Copavijtoovixoce copavitovixoce Copavitoo
bixoozegollasp. var. ofbixozecolagrandfather
bizaborder markerbiizaabijsaabisabisaaBisaabisajbissa2biysaabizaabizaayabiziabysaapisapizapizaa1pizaa2vijsaavijzaVijzaavissaavizaVizavizaavysaabiza-bord
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: biza
C
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: kali
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: kali
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: cali
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: jees
Hear it in Santiago Matatlán Zapotec: gaaz
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: gats
Hear it in San Bartolomé Quialana Zapotec: gaz
Hear it in Tlacolula de Matamoros Zapotec: gaz
Hear it in Tlacolula de Matamoros Zapotec: gaz
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: gats
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: gaz
cachee cachesp. var. ofcachée
caletwentycallecállecälleCällecǎllecolegaalagaaleeGalagaldigaleegaligallagooleecale-twencôlletwenty (perfective)
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: jaly
Hear it in Santiago Matatlán Zapotec: gaal
Hear it in Tlacolula de Matamoros Zapotec: gal
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: galy
camino realsp. var. ofCamino Real
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: gaiyua
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: tib gayua
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: te gayoa
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: tub gayua
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: gayon
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: gayon
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: gayon
cechacueotherze- 2another(pre-QUANT)chacuesomececachuecechacuècechacueeçechacueechaacueecochacuezechaacueezeechaacuezeechaacueezeechaacueeizeechacuezeechacuee
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: zed
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: zed
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: zeidy
chachobe located separate (neutral aspect)
chaga1one (B set of numbers)chaaga2chága5chägatobionechag-onechá-chá-yzaevery yearchaga chagaevery one
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: cha
Hear it in San Bartolomé Quialana Zapotec: txa
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: cha
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: txa
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: zhyap
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: dxa’p
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: dxap
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: tsï
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: tsu
Hear it in Tlacolula de Matamoros Zapotec: tsë
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: tsë
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: tsë
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: tsë
chi3dayche3chee5chée3chi4Chichij2Chijchíjchiychy1chi-dayanachitodaychij DomingoSundaychij lunesMondaychij martesTuesday
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: dxii
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: dxi
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: zhi
chiba5miserychijbaachib-miseçàca-chibáaunspec. var. ofçàca na+chibàamake another poor afflictquela nachibaaaffliction
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: rzhiby
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: nzhiby
chichibeapermission
chii gallabeaat the time of?
chijnio bij tapaanineteen (fifteen and four)chino2fifteenbi-2and (in complex numbers)tapa2fourchijniobijtapaachin-nine
Hear it in Tlacolula de Matamoros Zapotec: tseinyabtap
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: tsomptap
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: tseinyabtap
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: tsïïnn bitap
china51job, workQuela-huèni-chijna, quela-huèni-ñaani2position, officechiiñachijna3chijña1chinchiña3chiñaa3chin-workquela chiiñawork
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: zeiny
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: tso’ny
Hear it in San Bartolomé Quialana Zapotec: tza’any
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: tso’ny
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: tso’ny
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: tsïny
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: tsoni
Hear it in San Bartolomé Quialana Zapotec: tza’an
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: tsoni
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: tsïïnn
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: tseiny
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: chicy
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: zuat cwe teix
chonathreechēnachóna2chônachǒnachonnachoonachoǒnachoonaagionaona2cayo1three (B set of numbers)chon-thre
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: txonn
Hear it in Tlacolula de Matamoros Zapotec: chon
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: choon
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: chon
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: zyeiny
cica31thus, like this2likeCicacíca3cìca5cîcacïcaçicaciicaciicáciìcacijcacycasicaSicasijcassicassiicaaXicazicaziicaazijcazijcaazijcanijcica-thuscìca niguijocicabeathuscicani1thus
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: zicy
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: zicy ni
co-31(perfective aspect)2PERF.CAUS3ordinal maker (prefixed to numbers)4IRRVellon 097-8a 12.1Xinni xtennia, xiñaana Santa Iglesia rennabeeani, quitoobi xeneepe christiano coxoobaxtollani chaaga chaaga yza chy quaresma...My child, our mother the Holy Church commands that all Christians confess every year at Lent.Co-có-2cò-cô-cǒ-cõ-ćo-coo-Coo-cóo-cu-1go-2gõ-goo-gu-2gooxaanamother
cobicha1sun2daycobijchacopichacubichacubiichagobichagobichiagobijchagobijchaagobychagocijchagoobijchagoobychagoobychaagouichagovichagovijchacobi-suncàa-copijcha
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: gubidx
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: gubixh
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: gubich
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: wbich
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: wbwizh
cola=(plural imperative)Arte 071 3.1cǒlacǎcatonǒ Let us be!Vellon 119 2.2xinni xtennia, cola colla; cotazeeni loo Bejuanana Dios, niani cocañeeni, guezalaachini xtenni benni guicha rymy children, cry, call to God our Lord to help and have mercy on this sick personcôla=cǒla=
cona41offering2sacrifice3tithecona1cónicoonaagona1gõnagoonagunagunaaGunaacona-offecòna diezmostithes
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: guan
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: gu’n
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: gu’n
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: guan
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: guan
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: gu’n
coopabijtaoosp. var. ofcopapitaopriest, confessor
copa1guardcopocópa lichi-quijbawarden of a jailcòpa quéchecopa yóho-pijeguardian of a fortcopapitaopriest, confessorxicòpa còolàyagonnàabbess of nuns
copa bitoosp. var. ofcopapitaopriest, confessor
copapitaopriest, confessor, friarcopa1guardbitaogreat spirit, godcoopabijtaoocopa biitoocopa bitoocópabijtocopabijtoocopabitaocopabitocopabitoogoPa bittobixoce copabitaopriest
coquinoble; lord, ladycoguixcogujcooquiCooquicooquiicooquijcoquìcoquîcoquiicoquijgogui2goquiequoqui2coquí copa niça-táo paniadmiral of the seacoqui còpabitòoabbot, head priest
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: cwe
Ç
E
escaniobench
estaciahacienda
G
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: ja’
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: ga'a
Hear it in Tlacolula de Matamoros Zapotec: ga
Hear it in Tlacolula de Matamoros Zapotec: ga
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: ga
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: ga
gayofivecaayocáayo2càayocǎayocaayoocayo2Cayocàyocayoocáyoocâyoocoyogaayogǎayogalloogáyogayoogayo-fivecooyo1five (perfective)Xigàba cayothe number five
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: jai’
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: gai
Hear it in Tlacolula de Matamoros Zapotec: gai
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: gai
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: gai
gochitilled, plowed, worked
gona2female; womanconaagonágonàgonâgoǹagonaagoñaagonnagönnagönnǎgǒnnǎgonnaagoonabenigonawomanxi+quela+gonná-nihabit
goPa bittosp. var. ofcopapitaopriest, confessor
gueche1pueblo; town, villagegecheGuecheguecheeguechigueechegueecheeguichaoguichi2quchequecha1quecha2queche2queche1Quèche2quechi1quichi11guec-puebchàchàquècheto each cityguechelayoworld
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: gueizh
guechelayoworldgueche1pueblolayolandguechelayoogueecheelayoogueechelayooqchelayoquechelayooquetelayooguec-worl
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: gëchlew
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: gaxlyu
guela gotideathquela=nominalizercoti2die (perfective stem)guelacotiguelagootiguelagotijquelagotiquellagootiquellagoti
guelahueexijhuijdial. var. ofnaquihasin
guelarieni understandingquela=nominalizerrieniunderstandguelarijenijguelatiyeniquelatièniguelaanayanijunderstandingquel-unde
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: galryeiny
guella yootideath
guesalachijsp. var. ofhuezalachilove, mercy
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: guty
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: guty
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: gyigwan
GutierresGutierrez
H
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: lazh
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: lach
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: lach
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: laxha’
hualica1true2trulyhue-2perfect aspectnalistraight, true=ca2(emphatic marker)huahalicahualijhualijcahualijcaahualliicaoalicaoalijca
huayaani2manyAguero, 5.1Hualijca, Channa, cicaque pennia huayaanitete liaazaI have done this many times, Father
huayaani1sp. var. ofciàni, huayàani, nayàani pèni
huayaaxeexpensive?
huayallasp. var. ofPèni huayàa, huayàla
hue-21perfect aspecthuechaganiçthirst2another (used before numbers, see Cordova Arte 3.2.2.3.4)3reiterative perfect aspect4PRF(+perfective)a-gua-Gua-gue-1hu-hua-1Hua-huá-2huà-huä-huǎ-hué-2huee-hui-hvaoaOa-oà-ooa-
huecayescribe
huelacelachipunishment
huezijaahosp. var. ofhueciyahomerchant
I
J
L
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: la
lachaflat land, flat field (perhaps relatively large)laachaalaachelàacheLàache2lachaalapaplain, flat landpezaaflat fieldlàache nàa quèchelàache yàcaLàache yàgarào
lachi1heart2insides (e.g. of a person or fruit)3soullaachiLachi2láchi4Láchi3làchi4Làchi6lachiilachijlächijllaachillaachii1llachiilach-hearáalalàchiforget, leave something forgotten or passed through the memoryàalaláchiforgetàtitàlaláchichijba-làchi1chijlàchito have mercy onchij-lachi2know.the.benefitschite-làchiçóhui-láchibe.contriteèlijlàchiguena...lachirememberhuiñalachisadnesslachinaain the hands oflachiquielachitochestlèle-làchinìni làchiòna-láchiPéa-ci-làchiracalachiwant; think, believerielilachibelieveritonalachirolabalachithink, considertàti-làchitílle-làchibe.inquisitive(?-heart)Tòona-làchia, telàce-làchiacry in the heart, like the Indians sayuaquilachibe carefulxianilachihave use of reasonyàca-làchizàalàchihave.mercyzàbi tètelàchiyearning, to be eager for something
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: la’z
Hear it in Santiago Matatlán Zapotec: lastho
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: laz do
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: laz do
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: laz
Hear it in Tlacolula de Matamoros Zapotec: lasto
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: nlag
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: lag
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: lakzey
lani21stomachCo721-1 23.1guela nabanij selij lanij guehuij quijebaa nijin life everlasting in the kingdom of heaven2inlaani2laaniiLaniláni1làni9laniilanijLanij2lannilannílannìlenilani-stom
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: la’nia
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: la’nia
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: le’ny
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: lany
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: lani
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: lani
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: loni
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: lani
lao1face2surface3aspect, kind4in front of, before, on, in (body part locative)5to, through, from, by (non-locative prepostion)láo5Láo7lào16Lào13läolaoo1Laoolaulloolo1looLoolao-facelocuaforeheadrienelaoappeartèe-laoface down, put hanging thuslytóxe-láoa very dirty face
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: lo
Hear it in Tlacolula de Matamoros Zapotec: lo
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: lo
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: lo
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: lo
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: lats
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: lats
Laquelacanisp. var. oflaquelacanithus
laquelacanijsp. var. oflaquelacanithus
lati2cloth, clothes, clothinglarilarijlati1latílátilàti2lâtilati-clotcòquibalàtilàti-pecáahem; garment edge
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: lady
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: lady
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: lady
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: lahdy
latoyou; your, yours (second person plural free pronoun)=toyou (plural)laatoLàatolatólatòlátolàtolàtòlâtolǎtolato-youpchácué làtosome of you (pl.)
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: laat
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: laad
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: laat
laya21sacred thing2elegant thing3prayerlaayaláya2làya2layaallayaala2blessinglàya chijba quìe-pàathe sacred that is in heavenreacalayabe blessed
layoland, fieldyoo1landlaayaalaayolaayoolaya3layooLayoolayullaayoocue2plotcuelayooplot of landcueyoofieldquina1sowed landlayo-landcuelayooplot of landguechelayoworldquetè-layoo
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: lo nya
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: lo nya
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: lyu
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: lonya
lechela1spouse, wife, husbandbenigona 2hueyàanaleza 22consort, loverlachelalechalalecheelaLechèlapèni, lichèla, xi-casadoleecheelaleechelalichelalichèlalochelalech-spou
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: txel
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: txel
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: txiel
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: chel
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: chiel
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: chiel
Hear it in San Bartolomé Quialana Zapotec: chel
lichihouselichLichilichílíchilichijlijchilliichiiYoolijchlich-houslíchi còxolichiquibajailyoolichihouse
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: liz
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: liz
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: liaz
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: lis
lichiquibajail, prisonlichihouselichi quibalichiguijbalîchiguijbaLichiquíbalychiquiba1lychiquiba2lich-jail
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: lis gib
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: niz gib
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: liz gib
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: liaz gyieb
lisaca1cost, price; value2be worthyleçaaca2leçacalesacalesaxalezaacalezacalixacalizacallizaacaalisa-pric
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: sac
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: ludxa
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: luch
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: ludx
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: luzh
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: lu’x
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: locwa, lacwa
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: luy
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: liu
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: liu
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: liu
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: Ndua
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: Ndua
loxobeardlooxoloxo-bearlòxo yaciblackbearded(beard-black)loxo yòlaZe+chiba ze+llà-ni lòxoto grow a beard, begin to grow
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: luazh
M
mani11animal2bird3horsemániMáni2mänimannimannìmani-animMani cauallo titielàoni cica mulaMàni co+nijaMàni co+tij, hue-lèe-nija-niMàni co+zànamàni gònnàmaremani nachibasaddled animalmani peco xillasheepMàni pella castilla, pillaana castilla, pichínapaa, mànizeelaMáni pijcimani pixeowlMani tòxománi xíllasheepmanipizogaworm?manni Cavallomanni pichijña gonnaQuicha yáni mánemain(hair-neck-animal)
Hear it in San Bartolomé Quialana Zapotec: maay
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: many
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: bdxie
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: bdxie
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: bzhie
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: bixhiee
=meeit, they; them; their, its, theirs (third person animal bound pronoun)
N
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: na
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: nare'e
Hear it in San Bartolomé Quialana Zapotec: na’a
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: nare
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: na
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: naa
na-stative aspectNa-ná-Ná-nà-naa-nn-nachibaaafflicted affliction unhappinessnachijlovenàtilàchiforgetful
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: nat
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: gots
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: ngats
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: nagats
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: nagats
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: ngats
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: nakits
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: nakits
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: ncyets
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: dich ti
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: dizh di
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: nan
nazaca1be good2be healthy3wholesome thing4good thing5enjoyable thing6have sexçaca3naxacasacaazaaca1záca5zàca1zäcanaza-begozàcalàchi1be happy about
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: nez yu
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: nezyu
=ni1he, she, it, they; him, her, them; his, hers, its, their, theirs (third person bound pronoun)=ní=nì=nî=nï=nii=nij=nj=nni=ny
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: ni
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: ni
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: ni
niaestenisp. var. ofniiaxtennibecause
niiaxtennibecausenia1becausexiteniof, fromniaesteniniaxteniniaxtenijniaxtenniniia xtenniniiaxteenniniiaxteninijaxtenninijaxtennínyaxtenni
nique1these, those; this, thatAguero 1 14.1Chela huayaacala huallaabila, quiraa loo niquee?Levanto 22 6.1Laagaaca coroopa Persona rii xtenni Santissima Trinidad, Biitoo nallii, cochaagani quellabenniaati, ninaca pellalaati, huañee anima, ciica tonoo: niquee rinniiona huanacani Biitoo, huañee benniati.niqu-those
niza1water2spermnicaniçaníça2nìçanijsaanisa3nissanica-wateníça pinijníça-pinijníçaquijxiurineniçatoosea, oceanniçayaafresh water, clean waternizaquierainritopanisabe baptizedrotobanizabaptize
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: nis
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: nis
Hear it in Tlacolula de Matamoros Zapotec: nyis
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: nis
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: nyis
nizaquierainnizawaterquie1rockniçaquijenica-rainàla niça-quieníçà-quíe pi+àpi-nirain stoppingNiça-quie rào huelàhua
Hear it in Santiago Matatlán Zapotec: niezguí
Hear it in Tlacolula de Matamoros Zapotec: nyisgyia
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: nyisgyia
O
olabalachi1consider2consider
onni lachisp. var. ofòni-láchito lie on purpose
P
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: baa
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: ba
peameasure, orderbeaBeabeyaobeaopeyapéa3pèa8pejapeyaracapeaknowrenapeaorderribepeaorderricapeaorder, confirmrinipeyacommandtichapeaorder, commandment
peco2dogbecopeco-dogbecoxillasheepmani peco xillasheepPèco niguijomale dogpecoxilla huinisheepPecoxílla yyni sheep
Hear it in Tlacolula de Matamoros Zapotec: becw
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: be’kw
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: becw
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: becw
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: baly
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: bahl
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: bahl
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: behld
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: behld
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: behld
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: bel
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: bel
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: beu
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: be’u
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: be’u
pichijnia gonasp. var. ofpichina conaox, bull
picotawhipping post
Q
qchelayosp. var. ofguechelayoworld
que=no, not (marker of negation)
quechi2thorngueche2queche1Quéchiquichi4quec-thorgueche guibanailQuéchi palàoartichokequechi pitipiartichokeyaga quechithorny tree
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: guich
quecorivergegoguegoquecooqueecooquegoquégo2quègoquígoquec-rivenania gego betochaquecoLochoquégo nahuijniQuegocaguiQuegocaguiquegolaceQuegolacequegolateQuegolatequegoyaaQuegoyaaTóua-tichàga-quegothe place where rivers joinxóba-níça quégoto carry or have water in the river to bring or have water in the river
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: gueu
Hear it in San Bartolomé Quialana Zapotec: gueu
quela31cornfield2sown fieldguella2quèela3quel-cornguelatiyeGuelatiyeGueleruagaQuèela huizòhuatri-mensual corn seasonQuèela nijzaquelazeeci
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: gel
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: guel
quela=nominalizercuela=gue=guela=guelaa=huij=qla=quéla=quella=guela beniatihumanity, humannessguela gotideathguela nachagacommunionguelaanayanijunderstandingguelarieniunderstandingquela cahuidarknessquela chiiñaworkQuela cobàanani xiténi yóhotàoquela cobánaquela copaci-tàhoQuela huecào, huecàchepounding or bruisingquela huexihuisinquelà na+chillaaction of making something unequalquela nabanilifeQuela nàcapèaquela quichasicknessquela xihuisinquelaa fiscalquelabitoodivinityquelacobiñahungerquelaconnijàadivination without omensquelacotobaniça2baptismquelahuechàgañaaniquelahuechijcompassionquelahuelaamercyquela-hue-quèñe, quela-hue-zèñediligencequelahuexijatichaagreement in meetingquelahuezaaworshipquelahuichieevilQuelahuichijequelanayaaformation, essenceQuelanazaacaquelatochocorruption, foulnessquella huetogotichaproclamationquella nalyquella rocaasp. var. ofquela ni tocàaobstacleobstacle, impedimentquella zoaacapowerquellariieliilachibelief
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: gal ncai
quela guichaasp. var. ofquela quichasickness
quelaguichiasp. var. ofquela quichasickness
quelahuechagañaanisp. var. ofquelahuechàgañaani
quelahuechàgañaanimarriagequela=nominalizerhue-1agentiverichagajoin=ni1he, she, it, theyquelahuechagañaani
quelahuexiechahuisp. var. ofquelahuexiyachahueagreement(NOM-NOM-agree-well)
quelahuexijhuisp. var. ofquela huexihuisin
quelanabaanisp. var. ofquela nabanilife
quela nabanilifequela=nominalizerribanibe aliveguelanabaniguelanabanijquelanabaaniquelanabaaniiquelanabàni2quelanabàni1quel-lifecij xiquela napàni
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: gal mbany
quelaquezasp. var. ofquellaqueza
quela quichasickness, illnessquela=nominalizerquicha1sickguela guichaquela guichaaquela guijchaquelaa quichaquelaa quichaaquelaguichiaquel-sick
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: galguizh
quellabenniaatisp. var. ofguela beniatihumanity, humanness
quellacooquiikingdom(NOM=lord)
quellagootisp. var. ofguela gotideath
quellahuechiiesp. var. ofquelahuechijcompassion
qui-(irrealis aspect)c-1C-g-1G-ga-gi-gu-1gue-2gui-güi-guij-q-2que-1Qui-quí-quì-quii-quij-quiy-quiraallquitalijallquitobiall
quicha2hair; furguiichaquícha7quîchaquic-hairQuícha lóoquánihairs that remain in the foreheadQuícha mánihorse's hair(hair-animal)Quicha yáni mánemain(hair-neck-animal)Quicha-xijzi, xijcieyelash
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: gyichicy
quicha1sickguechaguicha1guichijaguijchaguijchaaguijchijaguychaquiichaaquic-sickbeniquichasick personquela quichasicknesstiyoo quichabecome sick
quichi1papergichiguichi1guijchijguychijllichiquíchi1quichij2quijchi1quijchijquic-papequichi cica xíllasheet of paperQuichi-cuàgasheet of paperquichi-nàca-loàhà-xillasheet of paper
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: gits
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: gyets
quie1rock, stonegiegieeguieguiyequee2quia2quíe3quîe2quihequiiaquiiaaquiiequijequie-rockguiazaGuiazaGuiebayaguieguzaGuieguza (barrio in San Sebastian Teitipac)lachiquienizaquierainQuialaiocotopaQuialaiocotopaquiaquezaQuiaseeQuiaseeQuìe pijestone pillarquiecatiQuiecatiquijebiroaquijesegobaquiña quietomb
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: gie
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: gyia
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: gie
Hear it in San Bartolomé Quialana Zapotec: gui
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: gia
quiebaheaven=baguiebaaquebaaqueiiebaaquiebaaquieebaaquîepaaquiiebaquiiebaaquiiebaaequiiehaaquijabaquijebaaquiXXquie-heav
Hear it in Santiago Matatlán Zapotec: yba
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: yba
Hear it in Tlacolula de Matamoros Zapotec: yba
quiehuixijsp. var. ofQuiahuixijtao
quiezeeQuiezee, a barrio in San Sebastian Teitipac
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: quizh
quina1sowed land, fieldginiaguinaaguiñaaqueiinaaqueñàqueñaaquienaquiinaaquinaaquiñaa2quiniaquinnaacue2plotlayolandquinaa queco looquinaa quijatelaquinaa Suici
quitobiall, wholequi-irrealis aspecttobionequitabiquitobìquitòbiquitoobiquitopiquitoviquitovijquit-all
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: deiby
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: xhii
Hear it in Tlacolula de Matamoros Zapotec: yzhi
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: zhi
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: yzhi
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: zhi
quizaaeverything?
R
raca11be, exist2be able to, can3cure?4[man whose father is not found] be one like this5[man of dignified memory or reputation] be one-aacaaacaaacà2áca4àca12âcaäcaǎcaacaaaccaaagaaquacoca1be (perfective stem)raca-beàca-chàhui6healthyácanallàbecome bitterracanaxiracañeehelpracapeaknow
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: rac
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: rak
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: rahk
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: rak
racapeaknowraca1be, canpeameasure, orderacapéáacapèaraca-knowquela hueyàcapèamanifestationQuela nàcapèaracapealachirecognize, acknowledge
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: racbe
racisleepáciraci-sleeáci-pélasleep with eyes openácitàosleep muchàcixátasleep a lot or deeplyraagacisleep
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: rasy
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: rasy
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: raisy
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: rap
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: rap
Hear it in Macuilxochitl: rap
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: rap
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: rap
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: rian
reapi1rise2go up in honoraapiaapîya[piyapiyápi2yàpi6yǎpiPèni-ti+àpitellapiyàpi zàbi càlalà-ni quìepàato go up like Jesus Christ our redeemer who came down
renapeaorder, commandCo721-5 25.1tebela naabea BeJuananaa dios gatiawhen the Lord God orders that I dieFeria 086 1.4laa loo canî celij pelohui bixocelato xiticha sancta yglesia nitij, ni tenapeani, quitaalij beni Chistianos cagoni sacramẽto...and since then the priests have always taught this commandment of the church: which commands that all Christians take communionVellon 097-8a 12.1Xinni xtennia, xiñaana Santa Iglesia rennabeeani, quitoobi xeneepe christiano coxoobaxtollani chaaga chaaga yza chy quaresmaMy son, our mother the Holy Church commands that all Christians confess each year at Lent.renasaypeameasure, ordernaabeanabenabeaanapèanàpèannaapeannabeannabeeannapearenabeanape-orde
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: rinibee
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: rban
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: rbez
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: rca
ricachi1be hidden2be buriedaachi2caachicàchi1câchicachij1ccaachiccachigaachi2gachi1qachi2rigacharocachihide, bury
richagajoin, meetchaacachaacaachaaga1chaagochaca1chàga1chagaachiacarichaagaarichacarichigatchagachagañaajoin.handguela nachagacommunionquelahuechàgañaani
richiba1be siting elevated; be on (something)2ride a horse3be.plasteredchíba5chìba3chîbachiibachybarichijbarochibaput on top of somethingribibasitripe1sitmani nachibasaddled animalzoba2CAUS.sit
rielilachi1believe2have faith in3believe in dreamslachihearteeliilachieelijeelijlachiéelijlachieelilachieliielachieliilachielijlachielilaachieliláchieliylachiialilachiieliilachiijlachijijlijlachijilijlachiilijlachijlilachirielilaachijriyelilachiriyelolachiyeeliilaachiyeeliiLaachiyeeliilachiyeelijyeelilachyyeellilachiyeliyeliijlachiyeliilachiyelilachiiyelljlachiriel-beli
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: rindilaz
rieniunderstandayenieeni1enene1eniéniëniěniẽnienijenni1enní1ẽnniieniiieneijñajeniyeniyenniguelarieniunderstanding
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: ried
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: rluazh
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: rnab
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: rinylo
rini21say, speak2obey?ènniiininii2niionij1nionjnnînñinniirni-saynnijquèchato cheer in war rinipeyacommand
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: rni
Hear it in Santiago Matatlán Zapotec: rny
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: rini
Hear it in Teotitlán del Valle Zapotec: rinii
Hear it in Tlacochahuaya Zapotec: gal rni
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: ren
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: rnabe
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: rguiny
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: rguizh
Hear it in San Lucas Quiaviní Zapotec: rzac